Kyrgyz language guide

100 basic Kyrgyz words for beginners

The hundred Kyrgyz words that carry the most everyday weight, grouped by theme with a Latin reading aid. Learn these and a surprising amount of ordinary speech starts to come apart into pieces you recognise.

Reviewed July 22, 2026

01

How to use this list

This is a frequency-first list, not a dictionary. Every word here appears constantly in ordinary conversation, which is why it earns a place before more colourful vocabulary does.

Do not try to absorb all hundred at once. Take one themed block, say each word aloud, and put three of them into a sentence you would actually use. The Latin column is a reading aid for stress and vowel quality, not a pronunciation standard — see the pronunciation guide for the sounds themselves.

02

People and family (12)

адам
adamperson, human being
аял
ayalwoman; wife
эркек
erkekman; male
бала
balachild; boy
кыз
kyzgirl; daughter
уул
uulson
ата
atafather
эне
enemother
апа
apamum, motherThe everyday word children use.
ага
agaolder brother
эже
ejeolder sister
дос
dosfriend
03

Home and everyday things (12)

үй
üyhouse, home
эшик
eshikdoor
терезе
terezewindow
китеп
kitepbook
кагаз
kagazpaper
телефон
telefontelephone
акча
akchamoney
кийим
kiyimclothes
шаар
shaarcity, town
айыл
ayylvillage
базар
bazarmarket, bazaar
жумуш
jumushwork, job
04

Food and drink (12)

нан
nanbread
суу
suuwater
чай
chaytea
сүт
sütmilk
эт
etmeat
күрүч
kürüchrice
алма
almaapple
жумуртка
jumurtkaegg
туз
tuzsalt
кымыз
kymyzkymyzFermented mare’s milk — the national drink.
боорсок
boorsokboorsokSmall pieces of fried dough, served with tea.
аш
ashfood, meal
05

Nature, places and animals (12)

тоо
toomountain
көл
köllake
асман
asmansky
күн
künsun; day
ай
aymoon; month
жер
jerearth, ground, land
жол
jolroad, way
гүл
gülflower
ат
athorse; also name
ит
itdog
мышык
myshykcat
куш
kushbird
06

Time (10)

бүгүн
bügüntoday
эртең
erteñtomorrow
кечээ
kecheeyesterday
азыр
azyrnow
таң
tañdawn, early morning
түн
tünnight
жыл
jylyear
апта
aptaweek
саат
saathour; clock, watch
убакыт
ubakyttime
07

The verbs you will use most (16)

Kyrgyz verbs are listed here in the form ending in -оо / -өө / -уу / -үү, which works like the English "to …". In real sentences the ending changes to carry person, tense and mood.

баруу
baruuto go
келүү
kelüüto come
алуу
aluuto take, to get
берүү
berüüto give
билүү
bilüüto know
көрүү
körüüto see
угуу
uguuto hear, to listen
айтуу
aytuuto say, to tell
сүйлөө
süylööto speak
окуу
okuuto read; to study
жазуу
jazuuto write
ичүү
ichüüto drink
иштөө
ishtööto work
жашоо
jashooto live
үйрөнүү
üyrönüüto learn
болуу
boluuto be, to become
08

Describing things (13)

жакшы
jakshygood, well
жаман
jamanbad
чоң
choñbig, large
кичине
kichinesmall
жаңы
jañynew
эски
eskioldOf things, not of people.
ысык
ysykhot
суук
suukcold
сулуу
suluubeautiful
кыйын
kyyyndifficult
оңой
oñoyeasy
ак
akwhite
кара
karablack
09

Pronouns, questions and small words (13)

мен
menI
сен
senyouInformal — for friends, children and family.
сиз
sizyouPolite — for elders, strangers and formal settings.
ал
alhe, she, it; that
биз
bizwe
алар
alarthey
бул
bulthis
ким
kimwho
эмне
emnewhat
кайда
kaydawhere
канча
kanchahow much, how many
ооба
oobayes
жок
jokno; there is not
10

What to do after the hundred

  • Put five words a day into complete sentences rather than adding a sixth word.
  • Learn the endings for "at", "to" and "from" — they do the work prepositions do in English.
  • Add numbers next: they appear in prices, times, ages and addresses every day.
  • Read the phrase guide, which shows these words already assembled into working sentences.

Ready to see these words inside sentences?

See useful Kyrgyz phrases